Valve



Feb.`16, 1937. NQHUNT 2,071,204

Filed Jan. 4, 1955 3 Sheets-Shes?I l me/nto@ l M55/5mi amg@ Feb.16,v1937. l `v N. c. HUNT 7 2,071,204v

' VALVE Filed Jan. l4, 1955 5 Shee'ts-Sheet 2 IZZ Feb. 16, 1937.. N, C, HUNT 2,o71,2o4

VALVE Filed Jan. 4. 1935 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 i: 1 ma -fw/ f 'd' z Q@ 'g' M 251? 7155.

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Patented Feb. 16, 1937 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE VALVE Nathan C. Bunt, Salem, 0hio' Application January 4, 1935, Serial No. 315

19 Claims. (Cl. :5l-ys) The invention relates to valves for pressure lines utilized in transmitting air, water, oil or other fluids under pressure, and to valves for lines used interchangeably as pressureor vacuum lines.

Such air pressure, oil and vacuum lines include among others, lines for operating pneumatic tools, lines used in connection with various types of foundry equipment, rubber working equip-r ment, testing apparat, spray painting equipment, oil lines and pumps, and the like.

Such water pressure lines include among others, various types of hose lines. sprinkling system lines, and road and building construction lines, as well as hydraulic presses and machinery.

Numerous valves of the cock type have been made in the past for use in pressure and vacuum lines, but cock type valves usually include a tapered valve and valve seat which must be very accurately fitted together, and which only properly function for a short time before leakage occurs in the line at the valve.

`Certain prior types of valves have been provided with means for bleeding the exhausting end of the pressure line when the valve is in oi!" position, but it is sometimes desirable to hold pressure in the exhausting end of theV line when the valve is`in 0H position. v

It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a valve for a pressure line which may be readily, quickly, easily and almost instantaneously operated to cut oil the ow oi.' liquid under pressure through a pipe line withouthavlng any leakage whatsoever at the valve, regardless of the amount of pressure in the line.

Another object is to provide a valve for a pressure line having an on position, an o position, and an "oil and bleeding position.

Another object is to provide a valve for a pressure line having sealing means which is directly acted upon by the pressure in the line to increase its sealing capacity or effectiveness when the pressure in the line is increased regardless of whether the valve is in on or foif position.

A further object is to provide a valve for a pressure line, in which valve the pressure in the line acts to hold the valve in the position at which it is set, regardless of whether the valve is in on" or o or off and bleeding"position.

Moreover, it is'an object of the present invention to provide a valve adapted to be located in a line utilized interchangeably as a pressure or a vacuum line, which valve may be quickly and easily operated from on to oil position and4 from oil to on position, without any leakage whatsoever at the valve, regardless of whether the line in which the valve is located is being used as a pressure or a vacuum line.

Another object is to provide a valve having packing means and means engaging the packing means for urging said packing means toward sealing position at all times.

A further object is to provide a valve having packing means and spring actuated means cooperatively engaging the packing means for producing positive sealing at the valve in all positions, regardless of whether the valve is being used in a pressure or a vacuum line.

A still further object is to provide a valve of the sleeve type which may be operated by the most inexperienced person from on to o positionor o to on position, either by a longitudinal movement or a combined rotary and longitudinal movement.

And iinally. it is an object of the present invention to provide a valve construction capable o! attaining all of the foregoing desiderata. which valve is very ei'iicient in use, and the constituent parts of which are cheap and easy to manufacture and of extremely simple design.

These and other objects -may be attained by providing a construction ofwhich preferred embodiments are hereinafter set forth in detail, and which may be lstated in general terms as including aby-pass yalve body, a valve sleeve, packing means interposed between the valve body and the valve sleeve, and spreader means engaging the packing means for urging the packing means toward sealing position at all times; the by-pass valve body, valve sleeve and lpacking means in one embodiment being so arranged and proportioned as to provide an on positioman o position, and an off and bleeding position.

Preferred embodiments of the present invention are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of one embodiment ofthe improved valve for use in a pressure line, the valve being shown in ,on" po` sition.

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section of the valve of Fig. 1 in on position;

Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section of the valve of Fig. 1, in"oi and bleedingposition;

Fig. 4 is a longitudinal section of another embodiment of the improved-valve for use in a pressure line, Asaid valve belng'shown in on position:

Fig. 5 is a longitudinal section of still another Fig. 8 is a fragmentary `sectional view of va valve similar to the valve in Fig. 4,-showing a slightly diiferent form of vpacking ring and spreader;

Fig. 9 is a longitudinal section of another embodiment of the improved valve for use in a pressure line, said valve being shown in "on" position and Fig. 10 is a longitudinal section of the valve oi Fig. 9 in oiT position.

Similar numerals refer to similar parts throughout the drawings. The embodiment of the improved valve shown in Figs. 1, 2 'and 3 includes the valve body I0, having a sealed connection at one end with a pressure side fluid conduit indicated at II and provided with a stop shoulder I2. The other end of the valve body Il has a sealed connection with an exhaust side fluid conduit indicated at I3 and provided with a stop shoulder I4.

The -valve body Il is preferably cylindrically tubular in shape, having an integral transverse dividing or partition -wall I5 formed intermediate its ends for interrupting the ow o f any :duid medium therethrough. The portion of the valve body between the partition wall I5 and the pressure side conduit Il may be termed as pressure side. and the portion of the valve body between the partition wall I5 and the exhaust side conduit I3 may be termed its exhaust side.

It is pointed out that any form of pipe or hose connection adapter members may be substituted for the pressure and exhaust side conduits I I and I3, in order to meet the particular requirements of the pressure line in which the valve is to be located. Y However, any form of conduit or adapter members substituted for the conduits II and I3 must have stop shoulder portions located at predetermined distances from the partition wall I5, for a purpose hereinafter set forth.

The tubular walls of the valve body I are pro-V vided with a plurality of radially disposed bypass openings or ports I3, located adjacent the partition wall in the pressure side of the valve body and communicating with the pressure compartment bore I1 of the valve body. Likewise. the tubular walls of the valve body I3 are provided with a plurality of radially disposed by-pass openings or ports I 6', similar to ports I3, and located adjacent the partition wall I in the exhaust side of the valve body and communicating with the exhaust compartment bore I3 of the valve body.

A valve sleeve, indicated generally at 20, is preferably slidably and rotatably mounted on the tubular valve body for longitudinal movement between the stop shoulders I2 and I4. The sleeve 20 preferably includes an intermediate sleeve member 2 I, a pressure side sleeve member 22 and an exhaust side sleeve member 23.

The intermediate sleevemember 2I includes a cylindrical portion 24 having external screw threads at its ends. The intermediate sleeve member 2| is provided intermediate its ends with an inwardly extending annular ange 25 for fitting loosely around the valve body I0.

The pressure side sleeve member 22 includes a cylindrical portion 2s having an internal screw thread for screwing onto the pressure side end of the cylindrical portion24 of sleeve 2|, and also includes an inwardly extending annular flange 2l for loosely itting around the valve body I0 at the pressure side end of the sleeve 20.

The exhaust side sleeve member 23 includes a cylindrical portion 2B having an internal screw thread for screwing onto the exhaust side end of the cylindrical portion 24 of sleeve 2|, and also includes an inwardly extending annular flange 29 for fitting around the valve body I0 at the 'exhaust side end of the sleeve 20.

One of the sleeve members, preferably the exhaust side sleeve member 23, is provided with outwardly projecting flanges 30 for being engaged by a shifting lever or other valveoperating member.

When the sleeve members 2|, 22, and 23, are assembled, as shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 3, to form the valve sleeve 20, the annular anges 25 and 21 form an internal annular groove 3I in the pressure side end of the valve sleeve. Likewise, the annular flanges 25 and 29 form an internal annular groove 32 in the exhaust side end of the valve sleeve.

Flexible channel-shaped or U-shaped packing rings 33 and 33', preferably of leather, are interposed between the valve body I0 and the sleeve 20 and located in opposite ends of the groove 3|, the ring 33 abutting ange 21,*and the ring 33' abutting ilange 25. 'I'he legs or annular flange portions of the rings 33 vand 33' are substantially parallel with the longitudinal axis of the valve so as to abut the outer surface of the valve body and the inner surface of the internal groove 3|, and the open sides of the rings 33 and 33' are di rected toward each other.

A flexible channel-shaped o r U-shaped packing ring 34, similar to the rings 33 and 33', is interposed between the valve body III and the sleeve 20 and located in the internal groove 32 abutting the flange 29. The legs or annular flanges of ring 34 are also substantially parallel with the longitudinal axis of the valve, and the open side of n the ring 34 is directed toward the annular groove 3|, that is, toward the pressureside end of the sleeve 20. l

Preferably, the outer peripheral edges of the ports I6 and I 6 are rounded or curved at I 6a in order to .remove sharp edges which would cut into and destroy the leather packing rings 33' and 34 as the sleeve 20 slides to and fro along the valve body, when the packing rings are under full line pressure.

By forming the valve sleeve 23 "of three separate sleeve members, the internal grooves 3I and 32 may be easily and accurately machined, so that their surfaces accurately conform to the outer surfaces of the packing rings 33, 33' and 34, which are located therein; and the separate sleeve members likewise enable the packing rings 33, 33', and 34 to be readily assembled therein.

, The sleeve members 2|, 22, and 23, and their annular ilanges 25, 21, and 29, are so proportioned and arranged with respect to the stop shoulders I2 and I4 that when the flange 23 abuts the stop shoulder I4, the valve is in on position, as shown in Fig. 1. In this position, that portion of the internal groove 3I between the packing rings 33 and 33', communicates with both sets of ports I 6 and I6', so that fluid entering the' pressure side compartment I1 is by-passed through the ports I6. internal ,groove 3|, and

ports I8' out through the exhaust side compartment I8. l

Also, the proportioning and arrangement of the sleeve members and their annular flanges with respect to the stop shoulders is such that when the sleeve is substantially midway between the stop shoulders I2 and I4, the valve is in "off" position, as `shown in Fig. 2. In this position, that portion of the internal groove 3i between the packing rings 33 and 33', communicates with the pressure side ports I5 only, and the internal groove 32 and the open side oi the packing ring 34 communicate with the exhaust side ports I6. Thus the fluid in the pressure side of the valve is sealed by the packing rings 33 and 33', and any fluid inthe exhausting side of the valve is sealed by the packing ring 34 and ,by the packing ring 33', since the pressure on the open side of ring 33' is always greater than that directed against the closed side from ports I6'.

Moreover, the proportioning and arrangement of the sleeve members and their annular flanges with respect to the stop shoulders is such that when the annular flange 2l abuts the stop shoulder I2, the valve is in off and bleeding position, as shown in Fig. 3. In this position, the internal groove 32 and the open side of the ring 34 communicate with the pressure side ports I6 only, and the exhaustside ports I6' are uncovered to permit bleeding ofthe ekhaust side of the valve. Any fluid under pressure .which passes from the pressure side ports I6 under ,the annular flange 25 and past the packing ring 33', will be directed against the open side of packing ring 34 so as to force the legs or annular flanges of the ring 34 into sealing abutment with the` valve body and the sleeve.

Means for urgingthe inner legs or annular flanges of the packing rings toward sealing position, that is, into abutment with the outer surface of the valve body, preferably includes annular spreader rings 35, one abutting the open side of the inner annular flange of each of the packing rings 33, 33', and 34.

Each ring 35 is preferably of relatively thin and preferably springy sheet metal and includes a cylindrical flange 35 for fitting against Athe inner surface of the sleeve 2li and an inwardly extending ange 31 which is slotted at 33, as best shown in Fig. 6, and which abuts the outer edge of the inner annular flange of a packing ring at the open side thereof so that by forcing the spreader rings against the open sides'of the packing rings, the inner legs or annular flanges of the packing rings will be pressed against the outer surface of the valve body.

Means for urging or forcing the yspreader rings 35 against the open sides of packing rings 33 and 31B", preferably includes a coil compression spring 33 interposed between the spreader rings abutting the open sides of packing rings 33 and 33', and located in the internal annular groove 3|.

When the groove 3Isis in communication with the pressure side ports I3, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the pressure iluidln the line has access to the open sides of the packing rings 33 and 33 through the slots 33 in the spreader rings 35 abutting the same, so that the pressure acts to spread the rings 33 and 33' to effect a tight seal between the valve sleeve and the valve body in both the on" and the "off" position shown in Figs. v1 and 2 respectively.

When the exhaust side sleeve member 23 4screwed tightly upon the intermediate sleeve member 2 I, the annular flange 25 of sleeve member 2i abuts the cylindrical flange 36 of the spreader ring 35 abutting the open side Aof the packing ring 34, to force the spreader ring against the packing ring 34 and urge the inner leg or annular flange thereof toward sealing abutment with theouter surface of the valve body I0.

in the position of Fig. 2, the pressure from the exhaust side of the line acts through they slots 33 of the spreader ring in groove 32 to spread the packing ring 34 for sealing the same between the valve body and the sleeve, and in the position of Fig. 3, thepressure in the pressure side of the line acts through ports I6 to spread the packing ring 34 for sealing the same, Accordingly, regardless of whether the valve is in on, off or off and bleeding position, the pressure in the line acts upon the packing rings to maintain a perfect seal between the valve and the valve body.

As the pressure in the line increases, the sealing effectiveness of the packing rings also in-y j tion or jarring, or by any accidental blow not intended to change the position of the 'valve sleeve.

Thefunction of.the spring 39 and the sleeve member 23 acting against the spreader rings 35, is to always urge the packing rings 33, 33', and 34 toward proper sealing position, so as to avoid any temporary leakage which might result from distortion or stiffening of the packing rings when the valve is not in constant use or under pressure.

The improved embodiments of the valve illustrated in Figs. 4 and 5 are for use in a line where only two positions are required, namely, the on position'and the off position. The valve shown in Fig. iis adapted for use in a pressure line, and the valve shown in Fig. 5 is adapted for use in a line which is used interchangeably as a pressure or a vacuum line.

In each of the embodiments of Figs. 4 and 5, the valve body IIO has a sealed connection at its pressure side with a pressure side fluid conduit IIIl having the stop shoulder II2, and has /aff sealed connection at its exhaust side with an exhaust side fluid conduit II3 having a stop shoulder IIB.

The valve body H0 has an integral dividing or partition wall IIS formed intermediatev its ends for interrupting the fiow of any fluid medium therethrough.

'I'he tubular walls of the valve bodies IIO are provided withI a plurality of radially disposed by-pass openings or ports I I5 located adjacent the partition wall in the pressure s ide of the valve body and communicating with-the pressure compartment bore III thereof. Likewise, the tubular walls of the valve body III) are pro-- vided with a plurality of radially disposed bypass openings or 'ports IIB' located adjacent the partition wall in the exhaust side of the valve body and communicating with the exhaust compartment bore IIB thereof.

preferably slidably and rotatably mounted on each tubular valve body for longitudinal movement between the stop shoulders ||2 and ||4. Each sleeve |20 preferably includes the intermediate sleeve member |2|, the pressure side sleeve member |22 and the exhaust side sleeve member |23.

and the pressure and exhaust side 'sleeve members |22 and |23 include internally threaded portions for screwing onto the intermediate s leeve member |2| to form the assembled sleeve indicated generally at |20.

Each intermediate sleeve member |2| is provided with an inwardly extending annular flange |25 and the pressure sidesleeve member |22 is provided at its pressure side end with an inwardly extending ange |21. Likewise, each exhaust side sleeve member |23 is provided with an inwardly extending annular flange |23 at its exhaust side end.

When the sleeve members are assembled the annular flanges |25 and |21 form an internal groove |3| in the pressure side end of each valve sleeve, and the flanges |25 and |29 form an internal annular groove |32 in the exhaust side end of the valve sleeve.

Flexible U-shaped or channel-shaped packing rings 33 and 33', similar to or identical with the packing rings 33 and 33' in the` valve shown in Figs. 1 to 3 inclusive, are located in the opposite ends of the groove |3| of the embodiment shown in Fig. 4, and a similar packing ring 33a is located in the groove |32 abutting the ilange |29.

An annular spreader ring 35 is located abutting the outer edge of the inner annular flange of each of the packing rings 33, 33', and 33a, at the open side thereof and a coil compression spring 39 is interposed between the spreader rings 35 abutting packing rings 33 and 33', for urging the packing rings toward sealing position.

In this embodiment, the exhaust side sleeve member |23 is relatively long, forming a relatively long annular groove |32, and a coil compression spring 39a is interposed'between the spreader ring 35 abutting the packing ring 33a and the annular flange |25, for urging the ring 33a toward sealing position.

The only difference between the valve shown in Fig. 4 and the valve shown in Fig. 5 is in the packing rings and the improved spreader rings abutting the same, in order to adapt the valve of Fig. for use in a line used interchangeably as a pressure or a vacuum line.

, In Fig. 5, the U-shaped packing rings |33 and |33 are located in the internal groove |3|, and the U-shaped packing ring |33a is located in the internal groove |32.

The spreader or sealing rings |40 are located at the open sides of the packing rings, and are each provided with an annular rib |4| which is triangular or wedge-shaped in cross section, the apex of the rib being adapted to enter between and spread the annular anges of the packing rings. A series of holes |42 are provided through the spreader rings |40 at the apex of the rib |4| for permitting fluid pressure to urge the annular flanges of the packing rings apart when the valve is under pressure.

A compression spring |30 is interposed between the spreader rings |40 abutting the packing rings |33 and |33', and a spring |39a is interposed between the flange |25 and the spreader ring abutting the packing ring |33a. Preferably, annular ribs |43 are provided on `the spreader The intermediate sleeve memberl |2| includes externally threaded end portions termediate sleeve member 22| rings |40 for fitting inside of and centering the springs. The pressure of the springs |33 and |39a on the spreader rings |40 forces the wedgeshaped ribs |4| between the annular flanges of the packing rings to spread them apart and urge the inner annular flange into sealing abutment with the valve body and the outer annular ange into sealing abutment with the inner surfaces of the sleeve |20, so as to always effect and maintain a tight seal between the valve body and the valve sleeve, regardless of whether the line is being used as a pressure line or as a vacuum line, because the force exerted by the compression springs acting to wedgeably spread the packing rings is suilicient to maintain a perfectly tight seal regardless of the amount of vacuum contained in the line.

The valve shown in Fig. 4 is shown in on" position with the flange |29 abutting the stop shoulder ||4. When the valve is moved to a position in which the flange |21 abuts the stop shoulder ||2, the valve is in oiT' position such as is shown in Fig. 5.

The fragmentary sectional view of Fig. 8 shows a valve similar to the valve in Fig. 4 employing a slightly different form of packing ring and spreader ring. The valve body is shown at ||0 and a portion of the valve sleeve at 23. The packing ring |33a in Fig. 8 is preferably U-shaped and the inner annular ange thereof may have its outer edge beveled as shown at |44.

The spreader ring |35 in Fig. 8 is preferably L- shaped and the vertical leg of the L is engaged by the spring |39a to urge the spreader ring toward the packing ring 33a. The horizontal leg of the L is preferably beveled to conform to and engage the beveled edge |44 of the packing ring for urging the inner annular flange of the packing ring into sealing abutment with the valve body ||0.

The improved embodiment of the valve shown in Figs. 9 and 10 is also for usein a line where only two positions are required, the on" and the off position, and is especially adapted for use in high pressure hydraulic lines, although it may be used in other pressure lines and in combination pressure and vacuum lines. Fig. 9 shows the on position and Fig. shows the off position of the valve.

The valve body 2|0 has a sealed connection at its pressure side with a pressure side fluid conduit 2|| having the stop shoulder 2| 2, and has a sealed connection at its exhaust side with an exhaust side fluid conduit 2|3 having a stop shoulder 2|4.

The valve body 2I0 has an integral dividing or partition wall 2|5 intermediate its ends for interrupting the flow of fluid medium therethrough. The tubular wall of the valve body 2| 0 is provided adjacent the partition wall 2|5 with a plurality oi' radially disposed by-pass openings o r ports 2| G in the pressure side of the valve body and communicating with the pressure compartment bore 2|1 thereof, and with aplurality of radially disposed by-pass ports 2| 6 in the exhaust side of the valve body and communicating with the exhaust compartment bore 2| 3 thereof. n

A valve sleeve indicated generally at 220 is pref'- erably slidably and rotatably mounted on the valve body 2|0 for longitudinal movement between the stop shoulders 2 I2 and 2 I4. The sleeve 220 preferably includes the intermediate sleeve member 22|, pressure side sleeve member 222 and exhaust side sleeve member 223. and the inis externally threaded portions on the sleeves 222 and 223 to form the assembled sleeve indicated generally at 22u.

The intermediate vided with an inwardly extending annular portion 245, the inner surface of which is adapted to fit slidably around the valve bo'dy, and the pressure side of the annular portion 245 is preferably perpendicular to the axis of the valve'as shown at 245, while the exhaust side of the portion 245 is preferably inclined as shown at 241.

The pressure side sleeve member 222 is provided at its pressure side end with an `inwardly extending flange 221, and the exhaust side sleeve member 223 visprovided with an inwardly extend ing iiange 229 at its exhaust side end, so thatwhen the sleeve members are assembled the annular portion 245 of the intermediate sleeve 22| and the iiange 221 of sleeve 222 form an internal groove or annular chamber 23| between the pressure side of the valve sleeve and the pressure side of the valve body. Likewise, the annular portion 245 and the iiange 229 of sleeve member 223 form an internal groove or annular chamber 232 between the exhaust side end of the valve sleeve and the valve body.

Flexible U-shaped packing rings 233 and 233f are located in the opposite ends oi the annular chamber 23|. The packing ring' 233 abuts the flange 221 of sleeve member 222. A hardened steel ring 250 is provided between the vertical side 245 of annular portion 245 and the packing ring 233' for a purpose to be described.

A U-shaped packing ring 233e is located in the annular chamber 232'abutting the nange,229 of sleeve member 223. 'As shown in the drawings the packing ring 233 is located so as to seal the joint between the sleeve member 22| and 222, arid packing ring 233a is located so as to seal the joint between sleeve member 22| and the sleeve member 223. i

Preferably, flax packing 25| is provided between the annular flanges of each of the packing rings, and the flax packing has a.relatively great capacity for absorbing water. The ax packings 25| are preloaded when the same are assembled with a spreader in the packing rings 233, 233' and 233a so as to tend to expand or spread apart the annular ange portions of the packing rings to urge them into sealing abutment with the valve body and valve sleeve respectively.

Preferably, a rigid spreader member 252 is located between the packing 233 and the packing' 233', and is provided with ange portions 253 for' abutting and holding the ilax packings 25| in a preloaded or compressed condition in the packings 233 and 233' respectively. Similarly, an annular flange 254 is provided on the exhaust side end of the sleeve member 22| for abutting and gginpressing the iiax packing in the packing ring a. A

A plurality of auxiliary ports 255 are provided in the pressure side walls of the valve' body 2li), and communicating between the pressure com-v partment bore 2|1 and the annular chamber 23| so that as long as the valve is used as a pressure valve. pressure fluid is supplied to the chamber 23| and acts to urge the annular flanges of the packing rings into` sealing. abutment `with the valve body and valve sleeve respectively.

When the valve is in open position as shownrin Fig. 9, the pressure huid will. flow from the pressure compartment 2|1 through' the ports 2id, annular chamber 232, ports 2|6 and out sleeve member 22| is pro- K through the opposite eompsrtmenceiavranytendency of the pressure iluid to -leak from the chamber 232 past the annular portion 245 and i packing 238' is compensated for bythe pressure fluid entering' chamber 23| 'through ports 255, so

that the packing 233' is substantially balanced by the pressure on opposite sides thereof.

As the'valve is closed'under'high pressure and i the aitiriularr portion 245 moves over the ports 2 Il to close the same, the velocity 'of the :duid passing 'through the ports under high pressure increases rapidly as the ports are being' closed so that the inner surfaces of the annular portion 245 'of the relatively soft metal sleevemember 22| are subjected to a severeabrasive, gouging, or scarfing action and become worn away relatively quicklyv By providing the hardened steel ring 250 abutting the annular portion 245, a hard wear resistant surface takes the wearing action at the ports as the softer metal portion 245 wears away, during the closing action of the valve. Moreover. the ring 250 moves across. the ports 2I5 to eilect the actual closing or opening of the valve. In other words, instead of the packing ring, the

hardened steel ring 250 throttlesthe pressure sideY ports when the valve is moved between off position. l

As the packingring' 233' moves acrossports 2|5 during theopening or closing movement of the valve, the pressure' in chamber 2l1 tends to force the inner-'annular ilangeof the packing ring outwardly away from the valve body, but due to the fact that the internal groove 23| always communicates with pressure chamber 2| 1 on and through auxiliary ports 255, pressure is directed inwardly'against the inner annular ange ofpacking ring 233' to, balance the lpressure from ports 2|5 and maintain the packing ring in seal? ing' position.

'Any of the embodiments of the improved valve herein illustrated may be used in a pressure line l V where' it is desirable to shut oif the pressure in the pressure side of the line and ,hold pressure in the exhaust side of the line withoutbleeding the exhaust side of the line, because each of the valves has an off position, in which the exhaust Side ports are D05 uncovered.

,The improved valve may be quickly and easil operated .by the most inexperienced person tol cut oif theilow of liquid under pressure through the valve without any leakage at the valve, regardless .of the amount of pressure in the line.

'I'he improved valveis very eiiicient in use, and its constituent parts are cheap and easyv to manufacture and of an extremely'qsimple design.

I claim:

1. A valve including a tubular valve body have ing a transverse partition wall forming pressure 4and exhaust side compartments therein, there being ports in the tubular wall leading from each compartment, a sleeve mounted for movement on the valve body, there being an internal irrobvev4 in said sleeve always communicating 'with pressure 'side portsA in "on and "o positions, twoiiexrings located in the iirst mentioned internal` groove, said packing rings having their open sides directed toward each other, one of said packing. rings being moved across pressure side ports to close the valve, and a flexible channel-shaped packing ring located in the other internal groove and having its open side directed toward the pressure side end of said sleeve.

3. A valve including a tubular valve body having a transverse partition wall forming pressure and exhaust side compartments therein, there being ports in the tubular wall leading from each compartment, a sleeve moun'd for movement on the valve body, there being an internal groove in said sleeve always communicating with said pressure side ports in on and off positions and establishing communication between all of said ports when the sleeve is in on position, two exible channel-shaped packing rings located in the internal groove of said sleeve and having their open sides directed toward each other, spring-actuated means interposed between and engaging said packing rings for spreading the legs of said rings, the sleeve being provided at its exhaust side end with a second internal groove for communicating with the exhaust side ports when the sleeve is in oiT position, and a exible channelshaped packing ring located in said second in" ternal groove and having its open side directed toward the pressure side end of said sleeve.

4. A valve including a tubular valve body having a transverse partition wall forming pressure and exhaust side' compartments therein, there being ports in the tubular wall leading from each compartment, a sleeve mounted for movement on the valve body, there being an internal groove in said sleeve always communicating withsaid pressure side ports in on and "oiV` positions. and establishing communication between all of said ports when the sleeve is in on` position, two flexible channel-shaped packing rings located in the internal groove of said sleeve and having their open sides directed toward each other, spring-ac-J tuated means interposed between and engaging said packing rings for spreading the legs of said rings, the sleeve being provided at its exhaust side end with a second internal groove for communicating with the exhaust side ports when the sleeve is in ofi position, a iexiblev channelshaped packing ring located in said second internal groove and having its open side directed toward the pressure side end of said sleeve, and

, means engaging the open side of the last-said packing/.ring for spreading the legs thereof.

5. A valve including a tubular valve body having a transverse partition wall forming pressure and exhaust side compartments therein, there being ports in the tubular wall leading from each compartment, a sleeve mounted for movement on the valve body, there being an internal groove in said sleeve always communicating with said pressure side ports and establishing communication between all ot said ports when the sleeve is in on position, two ilexible channel-shaped packing rings located in the internal groove of said sleeve and having their open sides directed" towardeach other, the sleeve being provided at its exhaust side end with a second internal groove for communicating with the exhaust side ports when the sleeve is in oi position, a eidble channel-shaped packing ring located in said second internal groove and having its open side directed toward the pressure side end of said sleeve, and spring actuated means engaging the open .sides of all of the packing rings for spreading the linternal groove of said sleeve and having their open sides directed toward each other, a spreader ring for each packing ring, each spreader ring having openings therein communicating with the if open side of a packing ring, and means urging the spreader rings against the packing to spread the legs oi the packing rings.

7. A valve including a tubular valve body having a transverse partition wall forming pressure and exhaust side compartments therein, there being ports in the tubular Wall leading from each compartment, a sleeve mounted for movement on the valve body, there being an internal groove in said sleeve always communicating with said pressure side ports and establishing communication between all of said ports when the sleeve is 8. A valve including a tubular body having a transverse partition wall forming pressure and exhaust side compartments therein, there being ports in the tubular wall leading from each compartment, a sleeve mounted for movement on the valve body, the sleeve being provided with an internal groove always communicating with the pressure side ports in on and ofi positions and establishing communication with all of the ports in on position, two flexible channelshaped packing rings located 'in the internal l groove of said sleeveand having their open sides directed toward each" other, the sleeve being provided at its exhaust side end with a second internal groove for communicating with the exhaust side ports when the sleeve is in off position, a exible channel-shaped packing ring. in said second internal groove and having its open side directed toward the pressure side end of said sleeve, said sleeve being adapted to uncover the exhaust side ports for providing an olf and bleeding" position, and said second internal and exhaust side compartments therein. there being ports in the tubular valve body leading from each compartment, a sleeve mounted for movement on the valve body, there being two internal grooves in said sleeve, one of said grooves always communicating with pressure side ports in "on and o positions, one of said grooves establishing communication between pressure and exhaust side ports when the sleeve is in on" position, two exible channel-shaped packing rings located in the rst mentioned internal groove, said packing rings having their open sides directed toward each other, a flexible channelshaped packing ring located in the other internal groove and having its open side directed toward the pressure side end oi said sleeve, and spreader means engaging the packing rings for reslliently urging the annular flanges of each of. the packing rings toward sealing position between the valve body and the valve sleeve, said means including a spreader member engaging atleast one oi.' the annular flanges of the packing ring and a member abutting said spreader member.

18. In a valve including a valve body and a sleeve slidable thereon, the valve body having pressure and exhaust ports therein and the sleeve having an internal groove always communicating with the pressure ports, two ilexible channelshaped packing rings located in said groove and having their open sides directed toward each other for being spread by pressure to sealing position, flax packings interposed between the annular anges of the packing rings for spreading the anges apart, and a rigid spreader located between the packing rings and abutting the flax packings.

19. A valve including a tubular valve body and a sleeve member mounted thereon for relative sliding movement, there being longitudinally spaced compartments in said sleeve member and longitudinally spaced ports in the tubular wall of the valve body for communicating with said compartments, a flexible channel-shaped packing ning in one .of said compartments pressure sealed between the valve body and sleeve member for moving across one of said ports in the valve body to close the same, and a metal ring located abutting said packing ring for throttling said one port ahead of said packing ring when the valve is moved from "on" to oil position for said port. 25

NATHAN C. HUNT. 

